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How to Control Threads During Production?

Updated on 2024-10-21

If we want to know how to control the thread, we should first understand what the common standards are?

According to GB/T 192-2003 "Basic Tooth Profile of Common Thread", the following standards are stipulated:

 

 

Thread Pitch 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
H 0.173205 0.216506 0.259808 0.303109 0.346410 0.389711 0.433013
5/8 H 0.108253 0.135316 0.162380 0.189443 0.216506 0.243569 0.270633
3/8 H 0.064952 0.081190 0.097428 0.113666 0.129904 0.146142 0.162380
1/4 H 0.043301 0.054127 0.064952 0.075777 0.086603 0.097428 0.108253
1/8 H 0.021651 0.027063 0.032476 0.037889 0.043301 0.048714 0.054127

 

Thread Pitch 0.6 0.7 0.75 0.8 1 1.25 1.5
H 0.519615 0.606218 0.649519 0.692820 0.866025 1.082532 1.299038
5/8 H 0.324759 0.378886 0.405949 0.433013 0.541266 0.676583 0.811899
3/8 H 0.194856 0.227332 0.243570 0.259808 0.324759 0.405950 0.487139
1/4 H 0.129904 0.151555 0.162380 0.173205 0.216506 0.270633 0.324760
1/8 H 0.064952 0.075777 0.081190 0.086603 0.108253 0.135317 0.162380

 

Thread Pitch 1.75 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
H 1.515544 1.732051 2.165063 2.598076 3.031089 3.464102 3.897114
5/8 H 0.947215 1.082532 1.353164 1.623798 1.894431 2.165064 2.435696
3/8 H 0.568329 0.649519 0.811899 0.974279 1.136658 1.299038 1.461418
1/4 H 0.378886 0.433013 0.541266 0.649519 0.757772 0.866026 0.974279
1/8 H 0.189443 0.216506 0.270633 0.324760 0.378886 0.433013 0.487139

 

Thread Pitch 5 5.5 6 8
H 4.330127 4.763140 5.196152 6.928203
5/8 H 2.706329 2.976963 3.247595 4.330127
3/8 H 1.623798 1.786178 1.948557 2.598076
1/4 H 1.082532 1.190785 1.299038 1.732051
1/8 H 0.541266 0.595393 0.649519 0.866025

 

Learn how to control threads

So how do we produce the corresponding products according to the specifications required by customers? The following are the most common and most commonly used methods of controlling threads.

1. Torque Control Method: The most common and frequently used method is the torque control method. By setting a target torque value, a torque wrench or automatic tightening tool is used to achieve the predetermined torque. This method is simple and easy to operate but has low accuracy and is easily affected by friction. It is mostly used for products without special requirements, ensuring quality while reducing production costs, thus providing customers with more satisfactory prices.

2. Torque-Angle Control Method: This method involves first tightening the bolt to an initial torque and then turning it by a specified angle. Only two parameters need to be set (initial torque and tightening angle), making the operation process relatively intuitive. This method is suitable for most fasteners, as it can improve tightening accuracy and reduce the impact of friction on the preload. For the production of fasteners used in high-precision applications, we often adopt the torque-angle control method to ensure higher assembly quality and reliability

3. Yield Point Control Method: This method involves tightening the bolt to the material’s yield point, determining the yield point by monitoring changes in torque and angle. Although this method offers high precision, it demands advanced equipment and skilled operation. Due to its higher cost, it is rarely used for thread control.

4. Slope Control Method: This method identifies the seating point and yield point of the bolt by monitoring changes in the torque slope. It maximizes the utilization of the bolt’s yield strength but requires high-precision monitoring equipment. Due to the need for high-quality equipment, skilled technicians, and monitoring devices, this method is rarely used in factory production.

Other factors affecting thread

In addition to the different methods, there are other factors that affect the thread:

1. Use the right material: Threads of different materials behave differently during processing and use. Choosing the right material can improve the durability and reliability of the thread.

2. Processing accuracy: The processing accuracy of the thread directly affects its matching quality and service life. High-precision processing equipment and technology can ensure that the size and shape of the thread meet the requirements.

3. Surface treatment: Surface treatment of threads (such as galvanizing, oxidation, etc.) can improve their corrosion resistance and wear resistance and extend their service life. Controlling the size of the threads before surface treatment is the fundamental guarantee for the qualified size after plating.

4. Lubrication: During assembly and use, proper lubrication can reduce friction, prevent thread seizure and improve assembly quality.

5. Inspection and testing: Use special thread gauges and testing equipment to regularly inspect and test the threads to ensure that they meet standard requirements.

6. Assembly process: Correct assembly process and operation method can avoid thread damage and ensure assembly quality. For example, use a torque wrench to control the tightening torque to avoid over-tightening or under-tightening.

 

Learn about threading steps

After understanding the factors that affect threads, let's finally introduce the steps of thread processing. Thread processing can be roughly divided into four types: turning threads, milling threads, tapping and threading, and rolling threads. In actual factory production, tapping and threading are mostly used.

ISO Shank and Shoulder Dimensions for Tapping Tools

Shank

Diameter
(DMM),mm

WSC,mm​

ISO 529

ISO 529
UNC/UNF
BSW/BSF​

ISO2283

ISO2284 G

ISO2284 Rc

2.50

2.00

M1
M1.2​​
M1.4​​
M1.6​
M1.8​
​M2




NO.0​

NO.1

 

 

 

2.80

2.24

M2.2
M2.5

NO.2
NO.3

 

 

 

3.15

2.50

M3

NO.4
NO.5

M3

 

 

3.55

2.80

M3.5

NO.6

M3.5
M4

 

 

4.00

3.15

M4

 

M5

 

 

4.50

3.55

M4.5

NO.8

M6

 

 

5.00

4.00

M5

NO.10 3/16

 

 

 

5.60

4.50

M5.5

NO.12 7/32

M7

 

 

6.30

5.0

M6

1/4

M8

 

 

7.10

5.60

M7

9/32

 

 

 

8.00

6.30

M8

5/16

M10

G1/8

Rc 1/8

9.00

7.10

M9

 

M12

 

 

10.00

8.00

M10

3/8

 

G1/4

Rc1/4

8.00

6.30

M11

7/16

 

 

 

9.00

7.10

M12

1/2

 

 

 

11.20

9.00

M14

9/16

M14

 

 

12.50

10.00

M16

5/8

M16

G3/8

Rc3/8

14.00

11.20

M18
M20

11/16
3/4

M18
M20

 

 

16.00

12.50

M22

7/8

M22

 

 

18.00

14.00

M24

1”

M24

G5/8

Rc5/8

20.00

16.00

M27
M30

1 1/8

M27
M30

G3/4

Rc3/4

22.40

18.00

M33

1 1/4

 

G7/8

Rc7/8

25.00

20.00

M36

1 3/8

 

G1”

Rc1”

28.00

22.40

M39
M42

1 1/2

 

 

 

DIN Shank and Shoulder Dimensions for Tapping Tools

Shank

Diameter
(DMM), mm​

WSC, mm​

DIN 352​

DIN 371​

DIN 376​

DIN 374​

DIN 2182​

DIN 2183

DIN 353
DIN 374​

2.5

2.1

M1
M1.1
M1.2
M1.4
M1.6
M1.8

M1
M1.1
M1.1
M1.1
M1.6
M1.8



M3.5



M3.5



1/16

 

 

2.8

2.1

M2
M2.2
M2.5

M2
M2.2
M2.5


M4


M4


3/32


5/32

 

3.20

2.4

 

 

 

 

 

3/16

 

3.50

2.70

M3

M3

M5

M5

 

 

 

4.00

3.00

M3.5

M3.5

 

 

1/8

 

 

4.50

3.40

M4

M4

M6

M5.5

5/32

1/4

 

6.00

4.90

M5 M6
M8

M5 M6

M8

M8

3/16

5/16

 

7.00

5.50

M10

 

M10

M9
M10

1/4

3/8

 

8.00

6.20

 

M8

 

 

5/16

7/16

 

9.00

7.00

M12

 

M12

M12

3/8

1/2

 

10.00

8.00

 

M10

 

 

 

 

 

11.00

9.00

M14

 

M14

M14

 

9/16

 

12.00

9.00

M16

 

M16

M16

 

5/8

 

14.00

11.00

M18

 

M18

M18

 

3/4

 

16.00

12.00

M20

 

M20

M20

 

 

 

18.00

14.50

M22 M24

 

M22 M24

M22 M24

 

7/8

 

20.00

16.00

M27

 

M27

M27
M28

 

1”

 

22.00

18.00

M30

 

M30

M30

 

1 1/8

 

25.00

20.00

M33

 

M33

M33

 

1 1/4

 

28.00

22.00

M36

 

M36

M36

 

1 3/8

 

32.00

24.00

M39
M42

 

M39
M42

M39 M42

 

1 1/2
1 5/8

 

36.00

29.00

M45
M48

 

M45
M48

M45 M48

 

1 3/4
1 7/8

 

40.00

32.00

M52

 

M52

 

 

2

G 1 3/4

45.00

35.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

G 2”

50.00

39.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

G 2 1/4
G 2 1/2
G 2 3/4
G 3”

 

In actual production, we should flexibly consider the above factors and make small changes to the original mature production system to produce fasteners of various specifications and sizes.

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